1.5
Hearst did not invent 
the techniques of the 
yellow press, but he 
gave  jaundice to 
journalism by his 
example. His pioneering 
lay in reducing popular 
crusades to the level of 
a travelling circus. By 
lowering public taste, 
he raised circulation. 
"What we're after is the 
'gee-whizz' emotion," 
one of his staff said. On 
this formula Hearst 
founded what became, by the Thirties, the world's biggest 
publishing empire. Notorious as an instigator of the 
Spanish-American War of 1898, he was a failed politician 
in the Progressive Era, an Anglophobe until 1917, a pro-
Nazi in the Thirties, an anti-Red in the Forties. Hearst 
championed populist reforms in his early days and 
changed most of the world's newspapers. For better or 
worse, he was the first great press lord who rose on the 
irresistible combination of patriotism, populism and pap. 
His life inspired one masterpiece - Orson Welles' Citizen 
Kane
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2.4
A chain of more than 20 Hearst newspapers in this country 
makes the charge this morning that "through its Comintern 
in Moscow and its puppet organisations in the United 
States, Soviet Russia is taking an aggressive part in the 
Presidential campaign in America - on the side of the New 
Deal."
  
Yesterday afternoon, acting on advance knowledge of this 
charge, a statement was issued at the White House, signed 
by Mr. Stephen Earle, one of President Roosevelt's 
secretaries, that "the President does not want and does not 
welcome the vote or support of any individual or group 
taking orders from alien sources."
  
The statement speaks of a "certain notorious newspaper 
owner" and describes articles attempting to make it appear 
that Mr. Roosevelt "passively accepts support of alien 
organizations hostile to the American form of government" 
as "conceived in malice and born of political spite."  The 
American people, it says, will not permit their attention to 
be diverted by "fake issues, which no patriotic, honourable, 
or decent citizen would purposely inject into American 
affairs."
  
The charges of the Hearst newspapers are based on a 
report appearing in the July issue of the Communist 
International written by Mr. Earl Browder, who is the 
Communist candidate for the American Presidency.  Mr. 
Browder, they say, is only a titular candidate, and is 
"campaigning obliquely for Mr. Roosevelt's re-election."
  
The same sort of accusation was made yesterday by Father 
Coughlin in a speech at Des Moines, Iowa, to his National 
Union for Social Justice.  He challenged Mr. Roosevelt to 
repudiate the support of "Earl Browder and the Communist 
Party" declaring that Mr. Browder is "publicly urging" his 
fellow-members "to vote for Mr. Roosevelt, and Mr. 
Roosevelt grins and likes it."
  
Our Correspondent at The Hague telegraphs that Mr. Hearst 
arrived in Amsterdam on Saturday after a tour round 
Europe.  In a statement to the Press he said that he had 
dropped Mr. Roosevelt because Mr. Roosevelt had broken 
his promises.
@
2.5
The political ambitions of Mr. William Randolph Hearst 
were again frustrated on Saturday, when the Convention of 
the Democratic Party of New York State unanimously 
adopted Mr. Alfred E. Smith as the party's candidate for 
the Governorship of New York at the coming election.  
Despite the employment of the full power of his great 
newspaper organization, Mr. Hearst's campaign for 
nomination failed signally, and at the last moment he 
withdrew.
  
Apart from the sweeping defeat of Mr Hearst, who had 
been generally credited with Presidential aspirations, the 
outstanding feature of the Convention was the adoption as 
a plank in the party's election programme of an 
amendment of the Volstead Act enforcing the Prohibition 
Amendment to the Constitution in such a way as to permit 
the sale of beer and light wines.  This is the first time since 
the coming of the prohibition laws that a modification has 
been officially sponsored by either political party in any 
State.
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2.7
Mr. William Randolph Hearst, the American newspaper 
proprietor, in a broadcast from his home at San Simeon, 
California, on Saturday night, replied to Mr. Churchill's 
recent broadcast to America, in which he invited the 
United States to join France and Great Britain in a 
concerted drive against dictatorships.  In the course of his 
address Mr. Hearst said:-England is now afraid that the 
domination which she and France have exercised over 
Europe since the execution of the Versailles Treaty will be 
jeopardized.  England is also disturbed about her great 
interests in the Orient.  Singapore is not safe.  Japan is 
menacing Hong-Kong.  England's Navy cannot be in several 
places at once; England's Army cannot be both at home and 
abroad.  England wants other navies and other armies.
  
England needs help.  And where should she turn for help 
except to good old Uncle Sam, so sought after when he is 
needed, so scoffed at and scorned in all intervening times.  
English propaganda is again flooding the United States; 
English soft soap is again being poured over Uncle Sam's 
devoted head, lathered into his ears and eyes. There is a 
great deal of sense in the mood and attitude of the 
majority of Americans and a great deal of wisdom in 
America's policy of attending to its own affairs and 
keeping free from entangling foreign alliances...  In failing 
to do so she would be repeating those serious mistakes 
which involved her in the World War.
  
It is no part of the duty of this English-speaking nation, 
the United States of America, to support the British Empire 
in her ambitious schemes to dominate Europe, absorb 
Africa, and control the Orient.  The United States is not 
merely a collection of disloyal colonies.  America is no 
longer a land to be exploited like India and Africa.
  
Perhaps even Germany wants peace when she offers 
England peace and the limitation of armaments, while the 
German navy is held at one-third the size of England's.  
Perhaps England does not want that kind of peace and 
security?  But if she does not actually and earnestly want 
peace and security, why did she, betray Czechoslovakia?  
If England only wants peace to prepare for war, she has 
gained that by the sacrifice of Czechoslovakia, but she has 
certainly not gained the faith of the rest of the world in 
her faithful and zealous comradeship.  Even innocent and 
confiding America is beginning to realize that Communistic 
France and Imperial England are not altogether idealistic 
and altruistic democracies like our own.